We post news and comment on federal criminal justice issues, focused primarily on trial and post-conviction matters, legislative initiatives, and sentencing issues.
FPOA IS LAW, BUT BOP MONEY WOES PERSIST
President Joe Biden signed the Federal Prisons Oversight Act into law last Thursday. The bill is intended to strengthen oversight of the Federal Bureau of Prisons after The Associated Press reported on systemic corruption, failures and abuse in the federal prison system.
The FPOA, which passed the Senate on July 10th and the House last May, establishes an independent ombudsman to field and investigate complaints by prisoners, their families, and staff about misconduct and deficiencies. It also requires that the Dept of Justice inspector general conduct regular inspections of all 122 federal prison facilities, issue recommendations to address deficiencies and assign each facility a risk score. Higher-risk facilities would receive more frequent inspections.
BOP Director Colette Peters praised the bill in testimony before the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime and Federal Government Surveillance last week, but told the Subcommittee that the agency will need tens of millions of dollars in additional funding “to effectively respond to the additional oversight and make that meaningful, long-lasting change.”
“You inherited a mess. I mean, you inherited a mess,” Congressman Kelly Armstrong (R-ND) told Peters during her testimony last Tuesday. And she did, a mess that is not going to go away without money.
For instance, Peters noted that the new FPOA limits the BOP’s use of augmentation, the practice of using education, medical and other staff as stand-in corrections officers. “While I agree with the sentiment of limiting augmentation,” Peters told the Subcommittee, “today in the midst of our staffing crisis, without augmentation, we will mandate more overtime which will not only cost tens of millions of dollars more per year (~$60 million) but again, I will note the human cost and the physical and mental wear and tear on our people.”
Last year alone, the BOP paid more than $128 million in incentives and more than $345 million in overtime. Ordering the BOP to stop augmentation without giving the agency the money needed to hire COs is like trying to stamp out poverty by ordering poor people to be rich.
Peters testified, “Over the past 10 years, BOP’s budget only increased approximately 23% (which equates to about 2% per year). Over that period, budgeting resulted in a reduction of 3,473 authorized positions… Over the past 10 years, we did not receive a total of more than 1,900 authorized positions and 7,000 FTEs requested in the President’s Budgets… BOP has temporarily closed three institutions and 13 housing units at 11 institutions due to dangerous conditions. They account for a loss of more than 4,000 beds at every security level.”
Writing in Forbes last week, Walter Pavlo pointed out that the BOP has some control over its destiny:
One way to help reduce the stress the agency is under is by reducing the number of prisoners in prisons, something that could be done with a full implementation of the First Step Act and Second Chance Act. Director Peters noted that the prison population has slightly increased over the past few years despite the legislation. Those two laws, both passed and signed into law under Republican administrations (Donald Trump and George W. Bush respectively) allow many low and minimum security prisoners to reduce their prison term by up to a year and also place them in the community (halfway houses) for longer periods of time.
An NBC News investigation found that the BOP is not placing as many people in the community as it could. The result is that many prisoners stay in correctional institutions far longer than necessary when less restrictive and less expensive prerelease custody (halfway house/home confinement) should be available. However, a noted shortage of halfway house space is preventing the BOP from placing more people in confinement in the community. Retired BOP Acting Director Hugh Hurwitz said, ‘Since the First Step Act was signed, the BOP knew it needed more capacity but nearly 6 years later, halfway house space continues to be a problem’.”
“We believe in accountability, oversight, and transparency,” Peters told the House Subcommittee. “But we cannot do this work alone.” That is true, but there is more that the BOP can do.
Associated Press, Biden signs bill strengthening oversight of crisis-plagued US Bureau of Prisons after AP reporting (July 25, 2024)
Sen Jon Ossoff, SIGNED INTO LAW: Sens. Ossoff, Braun, & Durbin, Reps. McBath & Armstrong’s Bipartisan Federal Prison Oversight Act (July 25, 2024)
BOP, Oral Statement of Director Colette S. Peters, July 23, 2024,
House Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on Crime and Federal Government Surveillance
Forbes, Bureau of Prisons Director Testifies At House Judiciary Committee (July 24, 2024)
– Thomas L. Root